Th-ECOHIS demonstrated good reliability and validity. Th-ECOHIS scores in both child and family impact sections and the total were significantly associated with the severity of caries ( p < 0.001) and treatment need ( p < 0.001). The test-retest reliability of Th-ECOHIS was 0.87 internal consistency was 0.85 the total Th-ECOHIS scores were significantly correlated with the global rating of oral health question ( r = 0.604). All items in the original ECOHIS were retained in the Thai version. Twenty-two percent had ECC (dmft 1–3) and 17.3% had severe ECC (dmft 4 or higher) with mean (SD) dmft 1.63 (2.92). The discriminant validity was tested by the relationship between the severity of dental caries, treatment need and Th-ECOHIS scores, using the Kruskal-Wallis test.Ī total of 214 child-caregiver pairs participated. Test-retest reliability was managed at a 2-week interval in 10% of the sample using the intraclass correlation coefficient calculated by two-way analysis of variance. Across-items reliability was assessed by internal consistency using the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. The caregivers answered the Th-ECOHIS and global questions regarding their perception of the children’s oral health. Children’s oral health was determined by caries experience (decayed, missing and filled primary teeth, dmft) and treatment need.

Psychometric testing was done on 3-year-old child-caregiver pairs in Bangkok using the interviewer-administered mode. A face and content validation was conducted among 20 Thai caregivers to attain the final Th-ECOHIS. The scale’s psychometric properties were investigated in Thai caregivers and their children.Ĭultural adaptation for the scale development within the Thai context was processed using forward–backward translation by experts. This study translated the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS), a widely used proxy-reported questionnaire developed in the United States for measuring the oral health-related quality of life of preschool children and their families, into Thai (Th-ECOHIS). The NAIJA ECOHIS version was valid and reliable for assessing oral health related quality of life of preschool children whose parents/caregivers speak the Nigerian Pidgin English.Įarly childhood caries (ECC) is prevalent in Thailand, but no appropriate tool has been available to measure its impact on children’s quality of life. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the child section, family section and Total NAIJA ECOHIS scores were 0.83, 0.79 and 0.86 respectively demonstrating good internal consistency. The association between the NAIJA ECOHIS scores and the two global questions as well as the correlation between the child and family sections were statistically significant (p <0.001). The NAIJA-ECOHIS version was created with some modifications to the original version. The internal consistency reliability was tested using Cronbach's alpha coefficient while the test-retest reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficient by using scores of fifty participants who reported no change in their symptoms after one week.

Validity of the instrument was assessed based on the relationship between the NAIJA-ECOHIS scores and the global health rating scores using Spearman's rank correlation. One hundred and four children aged 2-5 years attending a clinic were recruited for the study and the new version was administered to their parents/caregivers. The Nigerian Pidgin English version (NAIJA ECOHIS) was developed from the English version using the forward-backward translation technique.

This study aimed to develop the Nigeria Pidgin English version of ECOHIS and investigate its psychometric properties. The Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) has been used in different countries and in different versions to assess the impact of oral health conditions on preschoolers.

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